Frequently Asked Questions

Bariatric surgery is generally considered for adults with a BMI ≥ 35, and for selected patients with BMI 30–34.9 and type 2 diabetes or other metabolic disease, after supervised non-surgical attempts (ASMBS/IFSO 2022). Final candidacy is determined after a full medical assessment.

The choice depends on BMI, comorbidities (especially type 2 diabetes and reflux), eating patterns, prior surgery and individual preferences. The decision is shared between you and your surgeon after evaluation.

Sleeve gastrectomy removes about 75–80% of the stomach without altering bowel anatomy. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass creates a small gastric pouch and reroutes the small intestine, adding a malabsorptive and metabolic effect. Each has distinct advantages and limitations.

No. The intragastric balloon is a non-surgical, endoscopic procedure typically left in place for 6 or 12 months, combined with a structured nutrition programme.

Sleeve gastrectomy usually takes about 60–90 minutes. Gastric bypass averages 2–3 hours. Times vary with anatomy, prior abdominal surgery and comorbidities, and exclude anaesthesia induction and recovery.

Typically 3–4 nights for sleeve gastrectomy and 4–5 nights for gastric bypass. Leak testing, pain management, fluid-diet transition and discharge education take place during the stay.

Average excess weight loss varies by procedure and adherence to follow-up — typically 50–80% of excess weight in the first 12–18 months. Long-term results depend on lifestyle, not on the operation alone.

Partial weight regain can occur if eating habits and physical activity are not sustained. Structured follow-up, dietitian support and, when needed, psychological support help reduce regain.

As with any major surgery: bleeding, anastomotic or staple-line leak, infection, thromboembolism, anaesthesia-related complications and long-term nutritional deficiencies. Risks are minimised by patient selection, experienced teams and structured follow-up.

Diet progresses in stages: clear and full liquids → puréed → soft → regular textures, typically over 4–6 weeks. Protein-focused small meals, slow eating and adequate fluids are recommended throughout.

Yes. Lifelong supplementation (multivitamin, vitamin D, calcium, vitamin B12, iron and others as indicated) and periodic laboratory checks are essential, especially after bypass-type procedures.

Bypass-type procedures often produce clinically meaningful improvement of glycaemic control through changes in gut hormone signalling, bile acids and insulin sensitivity. Individual results vary; long-term endocrinology follow-up is essential.

Some patients develop new or worsening reflux after sleeve gastrectomy. In patients with significant pre-existing reflux, a bypass-type procedure may be more appropriate. This is assessed preoperatively.

Pregnancy is generally not recommended during the first 12–18 months due to rapid weight loss. Effective contraception, vitamin/mineral monitoring and coordinated planning with an obstetrician are advised.

Laparoscopic surgery uses small abdominal incisions; scars are usually small and fade with time. Scar healing depends on skin type, age, nutrition and aftercare. Complete disappearance cannot be guaranteed.

Office work: usually 2–3 weeks. Physically demanding work: 4–6 weeks or more. The decision is individualised at the postoperative review.

Light daily walking starts within days. Low-intensity cardio is usually possible from week 4 with medical clearance. Resistance training is added gradually from weeks 8–12.

Yes. Smoking impairs wound healing and increases the risk of leaks and respiratory complications. Cessation is strongly recommended before and after surgery.

Especially after bypass-type procedures, absorption of some medications can change. Patients on chronic medication should review their prescriptions with their physician before and after surgery; dose or formulation may need adjustment.

International patients typically plan a stay of 7–10 days for sleeve gastrectomy or bypass, including preoperative tests, surgery and an initial check-up.

Standard follow-up visits or remote consultations at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months, then annually. Local laboratory work is coordinated so results can be reviewed remotely.