Short answer
An intragastric balloon is a soft, silicone device placed inside the stomach via endoscopy and filled with saline. It is temporary (typically 6 months) and works alongside dietitian-led nutrition and behavioural change. Long-term success requires sustained lifestyle change.
What is this procedure?
Under sedation, an upper GI endoscopy is performed. A deflated balloon is introduced into the stomach and filled with sterile saline (often with a methylene-blue tracer to detect leaks). It floats freely in the stomach and is removed endoscopically at the end of the treatment period.
Who may be a candidate?
- Adults with BMI roughly 27–35 who have not achieved durable results with diet and lifestyle change.
- Patients seeking a temporary, non-surgical option as part of a structured programme.
- Selected patients with very high BMI as a short-term measure before another intervention.
- Patients willing to commit to dietitian follow-up throughout balloon dwell time.
An upper GI endoscopy and medical assessment are required before placement.
Who may NOT be suitable?
- Previous gastric surgery, large hiatus hernia or significant gastric pathology.
- Active gastric or duodenal ulcer, active GI bleeding or coagulation disorders.
- Pregnancy or planned pregnancy during the dwell period.
- Inability to comply with follow-up and dietary recommendations.
How the procedure is performed
After overnight fasting and under sedation, an upper GI endoscopy is performed. The deflated balloon is positioned in the stomach and filled with sterile saline. Correct position is confirmed visually and the endoscope is withdrawn. The procedure usually takes 20–30 minutes. Removal at the end of the treatment period is also endoscopic.
Preoperative preparation
Blood tests, ECG and anaesthesia review (for sedation) are usually requested. An upper GI endoscopy can be part of the same session in many cases. Anticoagulant use must be discussed in advance.
Hospital stay
Most patients are discharged the same day. Antiemetic medication, antacid therapy and clear oral instructions for the first days are provided. Nutrition progresses from clear liquids to soft and regular foods over 7–10 days under dietitian guidance.
Postoperative nutrition and follow-up
Nutrition is built around small, protein-rich portions, mindful eating and adequate fluid intake spread through the day. Dietitian follow-up at regular intervals supports behavioural change. Antacid medication is usually continued throughout the dwell period.
See also: Nutrition after bariatric procedures.
Possible risks and complications
Common short-term side effects include nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps and reflux, usually improving in the first days. Rare but important risks include balloon deflation with passage or impaction, gastric ulceration, perforation and aspiration. Patients are taught to recognise warning signs (persistent vomiting, severe pain, change in urine colour) and contact the team promptly.
Alternative methods
| Feature | Sleeve Gastrectomy | Gastric Bypass | Mini Bypass | Gastric Balloon |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Surgical (permanent) | Surgical (permanent) | Surgical (permanent) | Endoscopic (temporary) |
| Average duration | 60–90 min | 2–3 hours | 1.5–2 hours | 20–30 min |
| Hospital stay | 3–4 days | 4–5 days | 3–4 days | Same day / 1 day |
| Mechanism | Restrictive + hormonal | Restrictive + malabsorptive | Restrictive + malabsorptive | Satiety effect |
| Effect on reflux | May increase | May improve | Variable | Limited effect |
| Effect on type 2 diabetes | Marked | Very marked | Marked | Limited / temporary |
| Vitamin & mineral follow-up | Required | Strictly required | Strictly required | Limited |
| Reversibility | No | Limited | Limited | Yes (6–12 mo) |
Table is for information only; method selection is made together with the physician after examination, tests and multidisciplinary evaluation.
Frequently asked questions
What is an intragastric balloon?
A soft silicone balloon is placed inside the stomach endoscopically and filled with saline. By occupying space and slowing gastric emptying, it supports portion control and behavioural change. It is a temporary, non-surgical option.
How long does the balloon stay in?
Depending on the type, balloons typically remain in place for 6 months (some up to 12 months). Removal is also endoscopic.
Who is a candidate?
Intragastric balloon is generally considered for adults with a BMI around 27–35 who have not achieved sustained results with diet and lifestyle change, or as a temporary measure before another intervention. It is not a substitute for bariatric surgery in severe obesity.
What are the common side effects?
Nausea, vomiting and abdominal cramps are common in the first days and usually improve with medication. Rare but serious risks include balloon deflation, migration and obstruction.
Related pages
Sources
- • Eisenberg D et al., 2022 ASMBS and IFSO Indications for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery.
- • Mechanick JI et al., Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Perioperative Nutrition, Metabolic, and Nonsurgical Support of Patients Undergoing Bariatric Procedures — 2019 Update.
- • World Health Organization — Obesity and overweight fact sheet.
Last updated: 28.06.2026 · Medical content: Op.Dr.Gökhan ATEŞ
Is a gastric balloon right for you?
Intragastric balloon is a temporary option and not suitable for everyone. Share your height, weight, age and medical history to request a preliminary assessment.